Concession Clauses

[Bilge Gökçen]

although kullanımı however kullanımı in spite of despite concession clause
1. TÜMCE İLE KULLANILANLAR

1.1. Although / Though

yüklem + -mEsInE rağmen / karşın; -DIğI halde
Although he is young, he is not inexperienced.


Devrik yapı ile de kullanılabilir.
Careful though/as she was, she couldn't prevent the accident. (=Although she was ...)


Although ve though farkı:

Though, tümce içinde ve sonunda however anlam ında kullanılabilir.

1.2. Even if / Even though
Türkçeye çevirisi although ile aynıdır. Even if "-sE bile" olarak aktarılabilir.
He borrowed my jacket even though I'd told him not to.


You have to be on time even if the lesson starts very early.


1.3. Whereas
Türkçeye although gibi ya da "... ise de", "... iken" ile aktarılır.
Whereas he has plenty of money, he has no-one to trust.


1.4. While / Whilst
Türkçeye although gibi aktarılır.
While he is quite nice, sometimes he is a menace.


1.5. Despite / In spite of / Regardless of / Notwithstanding / Irrespective of + the fact that
Türkçeye "...( gerçeğin)e karşın / rağmen" ile aktarılırlar.
Despite the fact that he is rather nice, sometimes he is a menace. (=Although he is ...)

1.6. As
Devrik yapı durumunda "rağmen" anlamı taşıyabilir.
Tired as I was, I went on walking. (=Although I was tired ...)


Change your mind as you will, you will gain no support. (=Although you may change ...)


Bu yapı Reason veya Similarity Clause olarak da kullanılabilir.
As sözcüğü yerine that kullanıldığı da görülür.
Fool that he was, he made no mistakes.


1.7. As ... as
Bu yapı ender olarak kullanılır.
As widespread as his fame may be, he is not well-known in this part of the country. (=Although his fame may be widespread, ...)

 

[Bilge Gökçen]

Cevap: Concession Clauses

2. TÜMCE İLE KULLANILMAYANLAR

2.1. Despite/In spite of

KULLANIMI
despite/in spite of + ad [1] / Ving [2]

ÇEVİRİSİ
yüklem + -mesine rağmen / karşın
ad + -E rağmen / karşın

He came in spite of his illness. [1] / being ill. [2]



He still chooses to play with his plastic toy gun despite the many electric toys he has.
A. Although he has many electric toys, he prefers to play with his plactic toy gun.
B. Due to the number of his toys, he's having difficulty in choosing between his plastic toy and electric toys.
C. He has electric toys as well, but today he is playing with his plastic toy gun.
D. He may choose to play with his plastic toy gun, but his favourite is his electric toy.
E. In spite of playing with his plastic toy gun, he still has some electric toys as well.

2.2. Irrespective of, Regardless of, Notwithstanding

KULLANIMI
irrespective of / regardless of / notwithstanding + ad / WH
ÇEVİRİSİ
ad + -E rağmen / karşın
yüklem + -mEsInE rağmen / karşın
göz önüne almaksızın

Regardless of whatever he may say, do it as you please.


2.3. ..., still / yet

KULLANIMI
..., still/yet + Ving [1] / tümce [2]
ÇEVİRİSİ
yine de, ancak, fakat, bun(lar)a karşın

He suffered a lot, yet never giving in. [1] / he never gave in. [2]


3. Given (that)
Yerine göre koşul anlamı da verebilen bu yapı pek sık kullanılmamaktadır.
Given her charm, she is alone. / Given that she has charm, she is alone.


4. For all
For all his efforts, he failed.


Aşağıdaki farklı kullanıma dikkat:

For all + tümce = as far as